Sample Ephemeris
Below is a sample of what an ephemeris looks like. This one was generated by the JPL HORIZONS system. Going through the options,
-- the Target Body is Vesta,
-- Observer Location is city = College Park (location of the University of Maryland),
-- Time Span was the 1-30 June 2007 UT, every hour,
-- Table Settings, I selected RAdec (1), Airmass (8), Vis Mag and Surface Brightness (9), and the Sun/Target/Observer angle (aka phase)(24) (I'll also use options 19 and 20 if I want to know how far my target is from the sun and from me and how fast it is moving relative to the sun and me.)
-- Finally, in the Optional observer-table settings, I also selected the "skip daylight" option and gave an "elevation cutoff" of 5 degrees (ie, I can't see it during the day or if it's below the horizon).
Then I'm ready to "Generate Ephemeris." Follow the instructions to generate an ephemeris for your observing location and the nights you are observing.
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JPL/HORIZONS 4 Vesta 2007-Mar-12 14:38:18
Rec #: 4 (+COV) Soln.date: 2005-Apr-22_14:19:35 # obs: 6409 (1827-2004)
FK5/J2000.0 helio. ecliptic osc. elements (AU, DAYS, DEG, period=Julian yrs):
EPOCH= 2444686.5 ! 1981-Mar-23.00 (CT) Residual RMS= .4411
EC= .08972689062498941 QR= 2.149895937055027 TP= 2444990.438069798
OM= 104.124211017328 W= 150.2295814692592 IN= 7.140226359613001
A= 2.361814179626965 MA= 277.4683388333326 ADIST= 2.573732422198903
PER= 3.62975 N= .271541045 ANGMOM= .026329887
DAN= 2.54068 DDN= 2.17352 L= 254.5456643
B= 3.5383864 TP= 1982-Jan-20.9380698
Physical parameters (KM, SEC, rotational period in hours):
GM= 17.8 RAD= 265. ROTPER= 5.342
H= 3.2 G= .320 B-V= .782
ALBEDO= .4228 STYP= V
ASTEROID comments:
1: soln ref.= JPL#27, OCC=0
2: source=ORB
*******************************************************************************
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Ephemeris / WWW_USER Mon Mar 12 14:38:18 2007 Pasadena, USA / Horizons
*******************************************************************************
Target body name: 4 Vesta {source: JPL#27}
Center body name: Earth (399) {source: DE405}
Center-site name: (user defined site below)
*******************************************************************************
Start time : A.D. 2007-Jun-01 00:00:00.0000 UT
Stop time : A.D. 2007-Jun-30 00:00:00.0000 UT
Step-size : 60 minutes
*******************************************************************************
Target pole/equ : No model available {East-longitude -}
Target radii : 265.0 x 265.0 x 265.0 km {Equator, meridian, pole}
Center geodetic : 283.065000,38.9867468,-.0009008 {E-lon(deg),Lat(deg),Alt(km)}
Center cylindric: 283.065000,4964.25640,3991.1695 {E-lon(deg),Dxy(km),Dz(km)}
Center pole/equ : High-precision EOP model {East-longitude +}
Center radii : 6378.1 x 6378.1 x 6356.8 km {Equator, meridian, pole}
Target primary : Sun {source: DE405}
Interfering body: MOON (Req= 1737.400) km {source: DE405}
Deflecting body : Sun, EARTH {source: DE405}
Deflecting GMs : 1.3271E+11, 3.9860E+05 km^3/s^2
Small perturbers: Ceres, Pallas {source: SB405-CPV-2}
Small body GMs : 6.32E+01, 1.43E+01 km^3/s^2
Atmos refraction: NO (AIRLESS)
RA format : HMS
Time format : CAL
EOP file : eop.070308.p070530
EOP coverage : DATA-BASED 1962-JAN-20 TO 2007-MAR-08. PREDICTS-> 2007-MAY-29
Units conversion: 1 AU= 149597870.691 km, c= 299792.458 km/s, 1 day= 86400.0 s
Table cut-offs 1: Elevation ( 5.0deg=YES),Airmass (>38.000=NO), Daylight (YES)
Table cut-offs 2: Solar Elongation ( 0.0,180.0=NO )
*******************************************************************************
Initial FK5/J2000.0 heliocentric ecliptic osculating elements (AU, DAYS, DEG):
EPOCH= 2444686.5 ! 1981-Mar-23.00 (CT) Residual RMS= .4411
EC= .08972689062498941 QR= 2.149895937055027 TP= 2444990.438069798
OM= 104.124211017328 W= 150.2295814692592 IN= 7.140226359613001
Asteroid physical parameters (KM, SEC, rotational period in hours):
GM= 17.8 RAD= 265. ROTPER= 5.342
H= 3.2 G= .320 B-V= .782
ALBEDO= .4228 STYP= V
*******************************************************************************
Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(ICRF/J2000.0)_DEC a-mass APmag S-brt S-T-O
****************************************************************************
$$SOE
*..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....*
2007-Jun-01 01:00 Nm 16 31 23.06 -14 05 32.2 4.536 5.43 4.20 3.7064
2007-Jun-01 02:00 Am 16 31 20.45 -14 05 36.4 2.660 5.43 4.20 3.7103
2007-Jun-01 03:00 m 16 31 17.82 -14 05 40.6 2.012 5.43 4.20 3.7144
2007-Jun-01 04:00 m 16 31 15.18 -14 05 44.8 1.742 5.43 4.20 3.7187
2007-Jun-01 05:00 m 16 31 12.54 -14 05 48.8 1.662 5.43 4.20 3.7231
2007-Jun-01 06:00 m 16 31 09.89 -14 05 52.8 1.731 5.43 4.20 3.7277
2007-Jun-01 07:00 m 16 31 07.25 -14 05 56.7 1.984 5.43 4.20 3.7325
2007-Jun-01 08:00 Am 16 31 04.62 -14 06 00.5 2.592 5.43 4.20 3.7375
2007-Jun-01 09:00 Nm 16 31 02.01 -14 06 04.2 4.303 5.43 4.20 3.7426
*..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....*
2007-Jun-02 01:00 N 16 30 22.08 -14 07 10.1 4.275 5.44 4.20 3.8403
2007-Jun-02 02:00 Am 16 30 19.48 -14 07 14.6 2.584 5.44 4.20 3.8475
2007-Jun-02 03:00 m 16 30 16.85 -14 07 19.0 1.981 5.44 4.20 3.8549
2007-Jun-02 04:00 m 16 30 14.21 -14 07 23.4 1.730 5.44 4.20 3.8624
2007-Jun-02 05:00 m 16 30 11.57 -14 07 27.7 1.663 5.44 4.20 3.8701
2007-Jun-02 06:00 m 16 30 08.92 -14 07 31.8 1.745 5.44 4.20 3.8780
2007-Jun-02 07:00 m 16 30 06.29 -14 07 35.9 2.018 5.44 4.20 3.8860
2007-Jun-02 08:00 Am 16 30 03.66 -14 07 40.0 2.673 5.44 4.21 3.8941
2007-Jun-02 09:00 Nm 16 30 01.06 -14 07 43.9 4.581 5.44 4.21 3.9024
*..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....*
2007-Jun-03 01:00 N 16 29 21.21 -14 08 53.4 4.046 5.45 4.21 4.0473
2007-Jun-03 02:00 A 16 29 18.61 -14 08 58.2 2.514 5.45 4.21 4.0574
2007-Jun-03 03:00 m 16 29 15.99 -14 09 02.8 1.952 5.45 4.21 4.0676
2007-Jun-03 04:00 m 16 29 13.36 -14 09 07.4 1.720 5.45 4.21 4.0780
2007-Jun-03 05:00 m 16 29 10.72 -14 09 11.9 1.665 5.45 4.21 4.0885
2007-Jun-03 06:00 m 16 29 08.08 -14 09 16.3 1.760 5.45 4.21 4.0992
2007-Jun-03 07:00 m 16 29 05.46 -14 09 20.6 2.055 5.45 4.21 4.1100
2007-Jun-03 08:00 Am 16 29 02.84 -14 09 24.8 2.763 5.45 4.22 4.1208
2007-Jun-03 09:00 Nm 16 29 00.25 -14 09 29.0 4.901 5.45 4.22 4.1318
*..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....*
2007-Jun-04 01:00 C 16 28 20.54 -14 10 42.2 3.842 5.46 4.22 4.3166
2007-Jun-04 02:00 A 16 28 17.94 -14 10 47.2 2.449 5.46 4.22 4.3290
2007-Jun-04 03:00 16 28 15.33 -14 10 52.0 1.926 5.46 4.22 4.3416
2007-Jun-04 04:00 m 16 28 12.71 -14 10 56.8 1.711 5.46 4.23 4.3544
2007-Jun-04 05:00 m 16 28 10.08 -14 11 01.5 1.668 5.46 4.23 4.3672
2007-Jun-04 06:00 m 16 28 07.46 -14 11 06.1 1.777 5.46 4.23 4.3802
2007-Jun-04 07:00 m 16 28 04.84 -14 11 10.7 2.094 5.46 4.23 4.3932
2007-Jun-04 08:00 Am 16 28 02.24 -14 11 15.1 2.860 5.46 4.23 4.4064
2007-Jun-04 09:00 Nm 16 27 59.66 -14 11 19.5 5.272 5.47 4.23 4.4196
*..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....*
*..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....*
2007-Jun-05 01:00 C 16 27 20.14 -14 12 36.4 3.661 5.48 4.24 4.6367
2007-Jun-05 02:00 A 16 27 17.56 -14 12 41.6 2.389 5.48 4.24 4.6511
2007-Jun-05 03:00 16 27 14.96 -14 12 46.7 1.901 5.48 4.24 4.6656
2007-Jun-05 04:00 m 16 27 12.35 -14 12 51.7 1.703 5.48 4.24 4.6802
2007-Jun-05 05:00 m 16 27 09.73 -14 12 56.6 1.673 5.48 4.24 4.6949
2007-Jun-05 06:00 m 16 27 07.12 -14 13 01.5 1.795 5.48 4.24 4.7097
2007-Jun-05 07:00 m 16 27 04.52 -14 13 06.2 2.136 5.48 4.24 4.7246
2007-Jun-05 08:00 Am 16 27 01.94 -14 13 10.9 2.966 5.48 4.24 4.7395
2007-Jun-05 09:00 Nm 16 26 59.37 -14 13 15.5 5.706 5.48 4.24 4.7545
*..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....*
*..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....*
2007-Jun-06 01:00 C 16 26 20.10 -14 14 36.2 3.498 5.49 4.25 4.9972
2007-Jun-06 02:00 A 16 26 17.54 -14 14 41.5 2.333 5.49 4.25 5.0131
2007-Jun-06 03:00 16 26 14.96 -14 14 46.9 1.878 5.49 4.25 5.0291
2007-Jun-06 04:00 16 26 12.36 -14 14 52.1 1.696 5.50 4.25 5.0452
2007-Jun-06 05:00 m 16 26 09.77 -14 14 57.3 1.678 5.50 4.25 5.0614
2007-Jun-06 06:00 m 16 26 07.17 -14 15 02.3 1.814 5.50 4.26 5.0777
2007-Jun-06 07:00 m 16 26 04.59 -14 15 07.3 2.182 5.50 4.26 5.0940
2007-Jun-06 08:00 Am 16 26 02.02 -14 15 12.2 3.083 5.50 4.26 5.1103
2007-Jun-06 09:00 Nm 16 25 59.48 -14 15 17.0 6.220 5.50 4.26 5.1267
*..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....*
*..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....*
2007-Jun-07 01:00 C 16 25 20.52 -14 16 41.4 3.352 5.51 4.27 5.3893
2007-Jun-07 02:00 A 16 25 17.97 -14 16 47.0 2.282 5.51 4.27 5.4064
2007-Jun-07 03:00 16 25 15.41 -14 16 52.6 1.857 5.51 4.27 5.4235
2007-Jun-07 04:00 16 25 12.84 -14 16 58.0 1.690 5.51 4.27 5.4408
2007-Jun-07 05:00 m 16 25 10.26 -14 17 03.4 1.684 5.51 4.27 5.4581
2007-Jun-07 06:00 m 16 25 07.69 -14 17 08.7 1.835 5.52 4.27 5.4755
2007-Jun-07 07:00 m 16 25 05.13 -14 17 13.9 2.230 5.52 4.27 5.4929
2007-Jun-07 08:00 Am 16 25 02.59 -14 17 19.0 3.211 5.52 4.27 5.5103
2007-Jun-07 09:00 Nm 16 25 00.07 -14 17 24.1 6.836 5.52 4.27 5.5277
*..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....*
*..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....*
2007-Jun-08 01:00 C 16 24 21.47 -14 18 52.2 3.220 5.53 4.28 5.8057
2007-Jun-08 02:00 A 16 24 18.95 -14 18 58.1 2.234 5.53 4.28 5.8237
2007-Jun-08 03:00 16 24 16.41 -14 19 03.8 1.838 5.53 4.29 5.8417
2007-Jun-08 04:00 16 24 13.86 -14 19 09.5 1.686 5.53 4.29 5.8599
2007-Jun-08 05:00 16 24 11.31 -14 19 15.1 1.692 5.53 4.29 5.8781
2007-Jun-08 06:00 m 16 24 08.76 -14 19 20.6 1.858 5.54 4.29 5.8963
2007-Jun-08 07:00 m 16 24 06.22 -14 19 26.1 2.283 5.54 4.29 5.9146
2007-Jun-08 08:00 Am 16 24 03.71 -14 19 31.4 3.352 5.54 4.29 5.9328
2007-Jun-08 09:00 Nm 16 24 01.22 -14 19 36.7 7.585 5.54 4.29 5.9511
*..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....*
*..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....*
2007-Jun-09 01:00 C 16 23 23.04 -14 21 08.7 3.100 5.55 4.30 6.2407
2007-Jun-09 02:00 A 16 23 20.54 -14 21 14.7 2.190 5.55 4.30 6.2594
2007-Jun-09 03:00 16 23 18.03 -14 21 20.7 1.820 5.55 4.30 6.2781
2007-Jun-09 04:00 16 23 15.51 -14 21 26.6 1.682 5.55 4.30 6.2969
2007-Jun-09 05:00 16 23 12.98 -14 21 32.5 1.700 5.55 4.30 6.3157
2007-Jun-09 06:00 m 16 23 10.47 -14 21 38.2 1.883 5.56 4.30 6.3346
2007-Jun-09 07:00 m 16 23 07.96 -14 21 43.8 2.339 5.56 4.30 6.3535
2007-Jun-09 08:00 Am 16 23 05.48 -14 21 49.4 3.508 5.56 4.30 6.3724
2007-Jun-09 09:00 Nm 16 23 03.01 -14 21 54.9 8.514 5.56 4.31 6.3913
*..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....*
*..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....*
2007-Jun-10 01:00 C 16 22 25.31 -14 23 30.7 2.992 5.57 4.32 6.6897
2007-Jun-10 02:00 A 16 22 22.84 -14 23 37.0 2.149 5.57 4.32 6.7089
2007-Jun-10 03:00 16 22 20.36 -14 23 43.2 1.804 5.57 4.32 6.7281
2007-Jun-10 04:00 16 22 17.87 -14 23 49.4 1.680 5.57 4.32 6.7474
2007-Jun-10 05:00 16 22 15.38 -14 23 55.4 1.710 5.58 4.32 6.7668
2007-Jun-10 06:00 16 22 12.89 -14 24 01.4 1.909 5.58 4.32 6.7861
2007-Jun-10 07:00 m 16 22 10.42 -14 24 07.3 2.400 5.58 4.32 6.8055
2007-Jun-10 08:00 Am 16 22 07.97 -14 24 13.1 3.682 5.58 4.32 6.8249
2007-Jun-10 09:00 Nm 16 22 05.54 -14 24 18.8 9.688 5.58 4.32 6.8442
*..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....*
*..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....*
2007-Jun-11 01:00 C 16 21 28.37 -14 25 58.4 2.893 5.59 4.33 7.1491
2007-Jun-11 02:00 A 16 21 25.93 -14 26 05.0 2.111 5.59 4.33 7.1686
2007-Jun-11 03:00 16 21 23.49 -14 26 11.4 1.789 5.60 4.33 7.1882
2007-Jun-11 04:00 16 21 21.03 -14 26 17.8 1.678 5.60 4.33 7.2079
2007-Jun-11 05:00 16 21 18.57 -14 26 24.1 1.721 5.60 4.34 7.2276
2007-Jun-11 06:00 16 21 16.13 -14 26 30.2 1.937 5.60 4.34 7.2474
2007-Jun-11 07:00 m 16 21 13.69 -14 26 36.3 2.465 5.60 4.34 7.2671
2007-Jun-11 08:00 Am 16 21 11.28 -14 26 42.4 3.876 5.60 4.34 7.2868
*..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....*
*..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....*
2007-Jun-12 01:00 C 16 20 32.30 -14 28 31.8 2.802 5.61 4.35 7.6160
2007-Jun-12 02:00 A 16 20 29.90 -14 28 38.6 2.076 5.62 4.35 7.6358
2007-Jun-12 03:00 16 20 27.49 -14 28 45.3 1.775 5.62 4.35 7.6557
2007-Jun-12 04:00 16 20 25.07 -14 28 51.9 1.678 5.62 4.35 7.6756
2007-Jun-12 05:00 16 20 22.66 -14 28 58.4 1.733 5.62 4.35 7.6956
2007-Jun-12 06:00 16 20 20.25 -14 29 04.8 1.967 5.62 4.35 7.7155
2007-Jun-12 07:00 16 20 17.85 -14 29 11.1 2.535 5.62 4.35 7.7355
2007-Jun-12 08:00 Am 16 20 15.48 -14 29 17.4 4.094 5.62 4.35 7.7554
*..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....*
*..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....*
2007-Jun-13 01:00 C 16 19 37.18 -14 31 11.0 2.719 5.64 4.36 8.0880
2007-Jun-13 02:00 A 16 19 34.83 -14 31 17.9 2.043 5.64 4.37 8.1080
2007-Jun-13 03:00 16 19 32.46 -14 31 24.9 1.763 5.64 4.37 8.1281
2007-Jun-13 04:00 16 19 30.08 -14 31 31.7 1.679 5.64 4.37 8.1482
2007-Jun-13 05:00 16 19 27.71 -14 31 38.4 1.746 5.64 4.37 8.1683
2007-Jun-13 06:00 16 19 25.34 -14 31 45.1 2.000 5.64 4.37 8.1884
2007-Jun-13 07:00 16 19 22.99 -14 31 51.6 2.611 5.64 4.37 8.2086
2007-Jun-13 08:00 Am 16 19 20.66 -14 31 58.2 4.340 5.64 4.37 8.2286
*..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....*
*..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....*
2007-Jun-14 01:00 C 16 18 43.10 -14 33 55.8 2.643 5.66 4.38 8.5633
2007-Jun-14 02:00 A 16 18 40.79 -14 34 03.0 2.013 5.66 4.38 8.5834
2007-Jun-14 03:00 16 18 38.46 -14 34 10.2 1.752 5.66 4.38 8.6036
2007-Jun-14 04:00 16 18 36.13 -14 34 17.2 1.680 5.66 4.38 8.6238
2007-Jun-14 05:00 16 18 33.80 -14 34 24.2 1.760 5.66 4.38 8.6440
2007-Jun-14 06:00 16 18 31.48 -14 34 31.1 2.034 5.66 4.38 8.6643
2007-Jun-14 07:00 16 18 29.18 -14 34 37.9 2.694 5.66 4.38 8.6845
2007-Jun-14 08:00 A 16 18 26.90 -14 34 44.6 4.620 5.66 4.39 8.7046
*..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....*
*..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....*
2007-Jun-15 01:00 C 16 17 50.13 -14 36 46.4 2.573 5.68 4.40 9.0403
2007-Jun-15 02:00 A 16 17 47.87 -14 36 53.9 1.985 5.68 4.40 9.0605
2007-Jun-15 03:00 16 17 45.59 -14 37 01.2 1.742 5.68 4.40 9.0807
2007-Jun-15 04:00 16 17 43.31 -14 37 08.5 1.683 5.68 4.40 9.1009
2007-Jun-15 05:00 16 17 41.03 -14 37 15.7 1.776 5.68 4.40 9.1212
2007-Jun-15 06:00 16 17 38.76 -14 37 22.8 2.071 5.69 4.40 9.1415
2007-Jun-15 07:00 16 17 36.50 -14 37 29.9 2.783 5.69 4.40 9.1617
2007-Jun-15 08:00 A 16 17 34.27 -14 37 36.8 4.939 5.69 4.40 9.1819
*..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....*
*..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....*
2007-Jun-16 01:00 Cm 16 16 58.36 -14 39 42.7 2.508 5.70 4.41 9.5177
2007-Jun-16 02:00 A 16 16 56.14 -14 39 50.4 1.959 5.70 4.41 9.5379
2007-Jun-16 03:00 16 16 53.91 -14 39 58.0 1.734 5.70 4.41 9.5581
2007-Jun-16 04:00 16 16 51.68 -14 40 05.5 1.687 5.71 4.41 9.5783
2007-Jun-16 05:00 16 16 49.45 -14 40 13.0 1.793 5.71 4.41 9.5986
2007-Jun-16 06:00 16 16 47.24 -14 40 20.3 2.110 5.71 4.41 9.6188
2007-Jun-16 07:00 16 16 45.04 -14 40 27.6 2.880 5.71 4.41 9.6390
2007-Jun-16 08:00 A 16 16 42.86 -14 40 34.8 5.308 5.71 4.42 9.6592
*..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....*
*..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....*
2007-Jun-17 01:00 Cm 16 16 07.84 -14 42 44.8 2.448 5.72 4.43 9.9944
2007-Jun-17 02:00 Am 16 16 05.68 -14 42 52.7 1.935 5.73 4.43 10.0145
2007-Jun-17 03:00 16 16 03.50 -14 43 00.5 1.727 5.73 4.43 10.0347
2007-Jun-17 04:00 16 16 01.32 -14 43 08.3 1.691 5.73 4.43 10.0548
2007-Jun-17 05:00 16 15 59.15 -14 43 16.0 1.811 5.73 4.43 10.0751
2007-Jun-17 06:00 16 15 56.99 -14 43 23.5 2.153 5.73 4.43 10.0952
2007-Jun-17 07:00 16 15 54.85 -14 43 31.0 2.985 5.73 4.43 10.1154
2007-Jun-17 08:00 A 16 15 52.73 -14 43 38.5 5.737 5.73 4.43 10.1355
*..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....*
*..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....*
2007-Jun-18 01:00 Cm 16 15 18.65 -14 45 52.5 2.393 5.75 4.44 10.4694
2007-Jun-18 02:00 Am 16 15 16.55 -14 46 00.7 1.913 5.75 4.44 10.4894
2007-Jun-18 03:00 m 16 15 14.43 -14 46 08.7 1.720 5.75 4.44 10.5095
2007-Jun-18 04:00 16 15 12.31 -14 46 16.7 1.697 5.75 4.44 10.5296
2007-Jun-18 05:00 16 15 10.19 -14 46 24.6 1.831 5.75 4.44 10.5497
2007-Jun-18 06:00 16 15 08.09 -14 46 32.4 2.198 5.75 4.44 10.5698
2007-Jun-18 07:00 16 15 06.01 -14 46 40.2 3.100 5.75 4.44 10.5899
2007-Jun-18 08:00 A 16 15 03.95 -14 46 47.8 6.241 5.75 4.44 10.6099
*..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....*
*..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....*
2007-Jun-19 01:00 Cm 16 14 30.86 -14 49 05.9 2.343 5.77 4.45 10.9420
2007-Jun-19 02:00 Am 16 14 28.81 -14 49 14.3 1.893 5.77 4.45 10.9619
2007-Jun-19 03:00 m 16 14 26.76 -14 49 22.6 1.715 5.77 4.46 10.9819
2007-Jun-19 04:00 16 14 24.70 -14 49 30.8 1.704 5.77 4.46 11.0019
2007-Jun-19 05:00 16 14 22.64 -14 49 38.9 1.852 5.77 4.46 11.0219
2007-Jun-19 06:00 16 14 20.60 -14 49 47.0 2.246 5.77 4.46 11.0418
2007-Jun-19 07:00 16 14 18.58 -14 49 54.9 3.226 5.78 4.46 11.0617
2007-Jun-19 08:00 A 16 14 16.58 -14 50 02.8 6.840 5.78 4.46 11.0816
*..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....*
*..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....*
2007-Jun-20 01:00 Cm 16 13 44.53 -14 52 25.0 2.296 5.79 4.47 11.4114
2007-Jun-20 02:00 Am 16 13 42.54 -14 52 33.6 1.874 5.79 4.47 11.4312
2007-Jun-20 03:00 m 16 13 40.54 -14 52 42.1 1.711 5.79 4.47 11.4510
2007-Jun-20 04:00 m 16 13 38.55 -14 52 50.6 1.711 5.79 4.47 11.4709
2007-Jun-20 05:00 16 13 36.56 -14 52 58.9 1.875 5.80 4.47 11.4907
2007-Jun-20 06:00 16 13 34.58 -14 53 07.2 2.297 5.80 4.47 11.5106
2007-Jun-20 07:00 16 13 32.62 -14 53 15.3 3.363 5.80 4.47 11.5303
2007-Jun-20 08:00 A 16 13 30.69 -14 53 23.5 7.563 5.80 4.47 11.5500
*..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....*
*..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....*
2007-Jun-21 01:00 Cm 16 12 59.70 -14 55 49.6 2.252 5.81 4.48 11.8771
2007-Jun-21 02:00 Am 16 12 57.78 -14 55 58.4 1.857 5.82 4.48 11.8968
2007-Jun-21 03:00 m 16 12 55.85 -14 56 07.2 1.708 5.82 4.48 11.9164
2007-Jun-21 04:00 m 16 12 53.92 -14 56 15.9 1.720 5.82 4.48 11.9361
2007-Jun-21 05:00 16 12 51.99 -14 56 24.4 1.899 5.82 4.48 11.9558
2007-Jun-21 06:00 16 12 50.08 -14 56 32.9 2.352 5.82 4.48 11.9754
2007-Jun-21 07:00 16 12 48.19 -14 56 41.3 3.515 5.82 4.48 11.9950
2007-Jun-21 08:00 A 16 12 46.32 -14 56 49.7 8.448 5.82 4.49 12.0145
*..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....*
*..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....*
2007-Jun-22 01:00 Cm 16 12 16.45 -14 59 19.8 2.212 5.84 4.49 12.3386
2007-Jun-22 02:00 Am 16 12 14.59 -14 59 28.8 1.841 5.84 4.49 12.3580
2007-Jun-22 03:00 m 16 12 12.72 -14 59 37.8 1.706 5.84 4.50 12.3775
2007-Jun-22 04:00 m 16 12 10.86 -14 59 46.7 1.730 5.84 4.50 12.3970
2007-Jun-22 05:00 16 12 09.00 -14 59 55.5 1.925 5.84 4.50 12.4165
2007-Jun-22 06:00 16 12 07.15 -15 00 04.2 2.411 5.84 4.50 12.4360
2007-Jun-22 07:00 16 12 05.33 -15 00 12.8 3.682 5.84 4.50 12.4553
2007-Jun-22 08:00 A 16 12 03.53 -15 00 21.4 9.552 5.84 4.50 12.4746
*..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....*
*..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....*
2007-Jun-23 01:00 Cm 16 11 34.80 -15 02 55.4 2.174 5.86 4.51 12.7954
2007-Jun-23 02:00 Am 16 11 33.01 -15 03 04.7 1.827 5.86 4.51 12.8146
2007-Jun-23 03:00 m 16 11 31.21 -15 03 13.9 1.705 5.86 4.51 12.8339
2007-Jun-23 04:00 m 16 11 29.41 -15 03 23.0 1.741 5.86 4.51 12.8532
2007-Jun-23 05:00 m 16 11 27.63 -15 03 32.0 1.952 5.86 4.51 12.8724
2007-Jun-23 06:00 16 11 25.85 -15 03 40.9 2.474 5.86 4.51 12.8917
2007-Jun-23 07:00 16 11 24.10 -15 03 49.7 3.867 5.87 4.51 12.9108
*..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....*
*..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....*
2007-Jun-24 01:00 Cm 16 10 54.81 -15 06 36.4 2.139 5.88 4.52 13.2470
2007-Jun-24 02:00 Am 16 10 53.09 -15 06 45.9 1.814 5.88 4.52 13.2660
2007-Jun-24 03:00 m 16 10 51.36 -15 06 55.3 1.705 5.88 4.52 13.2851
2007-Jun-24 04:00 m 16 10 49.64 -15 07 04.6 1.752 5.89 4.52 13.3041
2007-Jun-24 05:00 m 16 10 47.92 -15 07 13.9 1.982 5.89 4.52 13.3232
2007-Jun-24 06:00 16 10 46.22 -15 07 23.0 2.542 5.89 4.52 13.3422
2007-Jun-24 07:00 16 10 44.54 -15 07 32.1 4.073 5.89 4.52 13.3611
*..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....*
*..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....*
2007-Jun-25 01:00 Cm 16 10 16.52 -15 10 22.8 2.107 5.91 4.53 13.6932
2007-Jun-25 02:00 Am 16 10 14.87 -15 10 32.5 1.802 5.91 4.53 13.7120
2007-Jun-25 03:00 m 16 10 13.22 -15 10 42.1 1.706 5.91 4.53 13.7308
2007-Jun-25 04:00 m 16 10 11.57 -15 10 51.7 1.765 5.91 4.53 13.7496
2007-Jun-25 05:00 m 16 10 09.92 -15 11 01.1 2.013 5.91 4.53 13.7684
2007-Jun-25 06:00 16 10 08.29 -15 11 10.4 2.614 5.91 4.53 13.7872
2007-Jun-25 07:00 16 10 06.69 -15 11 19.7 4.304 5.91 4.53 13.8059
*..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....*
*..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....*
2007-Jun-26 01:00 Cm 16 09 39.97 -15 14 14.5 2.078 5.93 4.54 14.1336
2007-Jun-26 02:00 Am 16 09 38.40 -15 14 24.4 1.792 5.93 4.54 14.1521
2007-Jun-26 03:00 m 16 09 36.81 -15 14 34.2 1.708 5.93 4.54 14.1707
2007-Jun-26 04:00 m 16 09 35.23 -15 14 43.9 1.779 5.93 4.54 14.1893
2007-Jun-26 05:00 m 16 09 33.66 -15 14 53.6 2.046 5.93 4.55 14.2078
2007-Jun-26 06:00 m 16 09 32.11 -15 15 03.1 2.692 5.93 4.55 14.2264
2007-Jun-26 07:00 16 09 30.58 -15 15 12.6 4.563 5.93 4.55 14.2448
*..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....*
*..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....*
2007-Jun-27 01:00 Cm 16 09 05.20 -15 18 11.3 2.050 5.95 4.55 14.5679
2007-Jun-27 02:00 Am 16 09 03.69 -15 18 21.4 1.783 5.95 4.56 14.5862
2007-Jun-27 03:00 m 16 09 02.18 -15 18 31.5 1.710 5.95 4.56 14.6045
2007-Jun-27 04:00 m 16 09 00.68 -15 18 41.4 1.795 5.95 4.56 14.6229
2007-Jun-27 05:00 m 16 08 59.19 -15 18 51.2 2.081 5.95 4.56 14.6412
2007-Jun-27 06:00 m 16 08 57.71 -15 19 01.0 2.776 5.96 4.56 14.6594
2007-Jun-27 07:00 16 08 56.25 -15 19 10.7 4.856 5.96 4.56 14.6776
*..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....*
*..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....*
2007-Jun-28 01:00 Cm 16 08 32.22 -15 22 13.3 2.024 5.97 4.57 14.9960
2007-Jun-28 02:00 Am 16 08 30.79 -15 22 23.6 1.774 5.97 4.57 15.0140
2007-Jun-28 03:00 m 16 08 29.36 -15 22 33.8 1.714 5.98 4.57 15.0321
2007-Jun-28 04:00 m 16 08 27.93 -15 22 44.0 1.811 5.98 4.57 15.0501
2007-Jun-28 05:00 m 16 08 26.52 -15 22 54.0 2.118 5.98 4.57 15.0681
2007-Jun-28 06:00 m 16 08 25.12 -15 23 04.0 2.866 5.98 4.57 15.0861
2007-Jun-28 07:00 m 16 08 23.74 -15 23 13.9 5.190 5.98 4.57 15.1040
*..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....*
*..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....*
2007-Jun-29 01:00 Cm 16 08 01.07 -15 26 20.3 2.001 6.00 4.58 15.4175
2007-Jun-29 02:00 Am 16 07 59.72 -15 26 30.8 1.767 6.00 4.58 15.4353
2007-Jun-29 03:00 m 16 07 58.37 -15 26 41.2 1.718 6.00 4.58 15.4530
2007-Jun-29 04:00 m 16 07 57.02 -15 26 51.6 1.828 6.00 4.58 15.4708
2007-Jun-29 05:00 m 16 07 55.68 -15 27 01.8 2.158 6.00 4.58 15.4886
2007-Jun-29 06:00 m 16 07 54.36 -15 27 12.0 2.964 6.00 4.58 15.5063
2007-Jun-29 07:00 m 16 07 53.06 -15 27 22.1 5.572 6.00 4.58 15.5239
*..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....*
*..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....*
$$EOE
*******************************************************************************
Column meaning:
TIME
Prior to 1962, times are UT1. Dates thereafter are UTC. Any 'b' symbol in
the 1st-column denotes a B.C. date. First-column blank (" ") denotes an A.D.
date. Calendar dates prior to 1582-Oct-15 are in the Julian calendar system.
Later calendar dates are in the Gregorian system.
The uniform Coordinate Time scale is used internally. Conversion between
CT and the selected non-uniform UT output scale has not been determined for
UTC times after the next July or January 1st. The last known leap-second
is used over any future interval.
NOTE: "n.a." in output means quantity "not available" at the print-time.
SOLAR PRESENCE (OBSERVING SITE)
Time tag is followed by a blank, then a solar-presence symbol:
'*' Daylight (refracted solar upper-limb on or above apparent horizon)
'C' Civil twilight/dawn
'N' Nautical twilight/dawn
'A' Astronomical twilight/dawn
' ' Night OR geocentric ephemeris
LUNAR PRESENCE (OBSERVING SITE)
The solar-presence symbol is immediately followed by a lunar-presence symbol:
'm' Refracted upper-limb of Moon on or above apparent horizon
' ' Refracted upper-limb of Moon below apparent horizon OR geocentric
ephemeris
R.A._(ICRF/J2000.0)_DEC =
J2000.0 astrometric right ascension and declination of target center.
Corrected for light-time. Units: HMS (HH MM SS.ff) and DMS (DD MM SS.f)
a-mass =
Relative optical airmass at target center point. Topocentric EARTH sites,
ABOVE HORIZON ONLY. Unitless.
APmag S-brt =
Asteroid's approximate apparent visual magnitude & surface brightness:
APmag = H + 5*log10(delta) + 5*log10(r) - 2.5*log10((1-G)*phi1 + G*phi2)
In principle, accurate to ~ +/- 0.1 magnitude. For solar phase angles > 90 deg,
the error could exceed 1 magnitude. No values are output for phase angles
greater than 120 degrees, since the errors could be large and unknown.
Units: NONE & VISUAL MAGNITUDES PER SQUARE ARCSECOND
S-T-O =
Sun-Target-Observer angle; target's apparent PHASE ANGLE as seen at
observer's location at print time. Units: DEGREES
Computations by ...
Solar System Dynamics Group, Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System
4800 Oak Grove Drive, Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Pasadena, CA 91109 USA
Information: http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/
Connect : telnet://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov:6775 (via browser)
telnet ssd.jpl.nasa.gov 6775 (via command-line)
Author : Jon.Giorgini@jpl.nasa.gov
*******************************************************************************
Geocentric Ephemerides for Vesta
Archive: Deep Impact -- Tempel 1
Below is a sample of what an ephemeris looks like. This one was generated by the JPL HORIZONS system. Going through the options,
-- the Target Body is 9P,
-- Observer Location was city = College Park (location of the University of Maryland, one of the mission partners),
-- Time Span was the night of 2/3 and 3/4 July (local time, EDT = UT-4), and for
-- Output Quantities, I kept it simple and selected only the RAdec (1) and magnitude (9).
Since the comet is above the horizon but not observable during the day and it is sometimes below the horizon during the night, I also check the boxes for "Suppress output during daylight" and "Suppress output when body below horizon." Then I'm ready to "Generate Ephemeris." Follow the instructions to generate an ephemeris for your observing location and the nights you are observing.
[Note: I've deleted portions of the output so as not to overwhelm you here, but there is usually alot of information about the target as well as what the various notes in the columns mean.]
Ephemeris Generator
Ephemeris Settings
Target Body: Comet 9P/Tempel 1 [2004.83]
Observer Location: College Park, MD
Coordinates: 76°56'06.0"W, 38°59'12.1"N
From: A.D. 2005-07-03 00:00 UT
To: A.D. 2005-07-05 00:00
Step: 30 minute
Format: Calendar Date and Time
Output Quantities: 1,9
Ref. Frame, RA/Dec Format: J2000, HMS
Apparent Coordinates Model: Airless
HORIZONS Generated Ephemeris
**************************************************************************
Ephemeris / WWW_USER Thu Oct 21 13:54:26 2004 Pasadena, USA / Horizons
**************************************************************************
Target body name: 9P/Tempel 1 {source: JPL#K058/5}
Center body name: Earth (399) {source: DE-0406LE-0406}
Center-site name: (User Defined Site)
**************************************************************************
Start time : A.D. 2005-Jul-03 00:00:00.0000 UT
Stop time : A.D. 2005-Jul-05 00:00:00.0000 UT
Step-size : 30 minutes
**************************************************************************
(deleted)
**************************************************************************
Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._(ICRF/J2000.0)_DEC T-mag N-mag
************************************************************
##..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....##
2005-Jul-03 01:00 C 13 35 41.55 -09 05 24.2 9.48 n.a.
2005-Jul-03 01:30 N 13 35 43.70 -09 05 53.8 9.48 n.a.
2005-Jul-03 02:00 A 13 35 45.86 -09 06 23.3 9.48 n.a.
2005-Jul-03 02:30 A 13 35 48.03 -09 06 52.8 9.48 n.a.
2005-Jul-03 03:00 13 35 50.20 -09 07 22.3 9.48 n.a.
2005-Jul-03 03:30 13 35 52.38 -09 07 51.8 9.48 n.a.
2005-Jul-03 04:00 13 35 54.57 -09 08 21.3 9.48 n.a.
2005-Jul-03 04:30 13 35 56.76 -09 08 50.7 9.48 n.a.
2005-Jul-03 05:00 13 35 58.97 -09 09 20.2 9.48 n.a.
2005-Jul-03 05:30 13 36 01.18 -09 09 49.6 9.48 n.a.
##..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....##
##..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....##
2005-Jul-04 01:00 C 13 37 29.04 -09 29 04.3 9.49 n.a.
2005-Jul-04 01:30 N 13 37 31.23 -09 29 33.8 9.49 n.a.
2005-Jul-04 02:00 A 13 37 33.43 -09 30 03.2 9.49 n.a.
2005-Jul-04 02:30 A 13 37 35.63 -09 30 32.7 9.49 n.a.
2005-Jul-04 03:00 13 37 37.84 -09 31 02.2 9.49 n.a.
2005-Jul-04 03:30 13 37 40.06 -09 31 31.6 9.49 n.a.
2005-Jul-04 04:00 13 37 42.29 -09 32 01.0 9.49 n.a.
2005-Jul-04 04:30 13 37 44.52 -09 32 30.4 9.49 n.a.
2005-Jul-04 05:00 13 37 46.76 -09 32 59.8 9.49 n.a.
##..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....##
##..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....##
**************************************************************************
Column meaning:
(deleted)
Geocentric Ephemerides for 9P
-- Jun 2005
-- Jul 2005
-- Aug 2005
-- Sep 2005